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Sickle Cell Anemia: All We Need To Know
About
It is the genetic or inherited disease of the red blood cells. In this disorder, there are not enough blood cells in the body to supply oxygen to the body.
In this condition, red blood cells acquire a sickle type shape.
There are less than 1 million cases in India per year. It can affect any age group; generally affecting people below 60 years of age. [4]
- Not self-treatable
- Not self-diagnosable
- Laboratory tests or imaging are required
- Chronic: Can persist for years
Causes
It is mainly caused by the mutation in genes that help in formation of red, iron rich blood cells giving red color to blood called hemoglobin.
In addition, because of heredity, genes are passed from one generation to another.
Complications
- Stroke, chest congestion syndrome, and pulmonary hypertension
- Organ damage
- Blindness and leg ulcers
- Gallstones and priapism
Symptoms
Self-diagnosable: anemia, pain, and swelling in hands and feet
People may experience: Frequent infections and delayed growth
Also common: Vision problems
Diagnosis and Treatment
Diagnosis
Patient history: The doctor asks about the history of family as well the patient and asks for signs and symptoms.
Blood tests: To check for the RBC’s and Hb S.
Hb electrophoresis: To confirm the diagnosis of sickle cell anemia
Treatment
Self-care: Using heating pads, consuming fruits and vegetables rich diet, drinking more fluid, and exercising regularly helps to reduce the symptoms of sickle cell anemia.
Medicines: Rehydration using intravenous fluids, blood transfusions, supplemental oxygen, pain medications, and immunizations help in curing sickle cell anemia. In addition, bone marrow transplant might also be helpful.
Specialists: For further concern, contact a doctor or a physician. Contact mfine for better future health and optimum treatment plan.
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