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Dermatology: An overview
Dermatology is a branch of medicine that involves the skin, hair, nails, and the mucous membrane. It is a specialist field where doctors undergo extensive clinical research, training, and experience to practice as a dermatologist. These doctors also need a specific license to practice as a specialist in this branch.
Conditions treated by dermatologists
Dermatologists have extensive clinical knowledge of factors that are responsible for and are capable of impacting the skin. A lot of internal health problems can also lead to problems with the skin. They are skilled in addressing roughly about 3000 conditions affecting the skin, hair, and nails.
Some of the most common conditions treated by dermatologists are:
- Acne: One of the most common problems affecting the skin is acne. This condition leads to the development of different types of pimples. People suffering from acne also usually suffer from low self-esteem, skin scarring and other complications.
- Eczema and dermatitis: Dermatitis is a condition of the skin that causes inflammation of the skin, itchiness and rashes. There are different types of dermatitis depending on the severity of the condition. However, eczema is the most common form of dermatitis.
- Fungal infections: These are highly common infections and can affect any or all of the three – skin, hair, and nails. Oral thrush, athlete’s foot, balanitis and ringworm are some common types of infections.
- Hair loss: Hair loss is mostly a hereditary problem. A number of other problems and lifestyle choices may also result in hair loss, like lice, smoking, excessive drinking, etc.
- Nail problems: Damaged skin around and under the nails also needs expert care. Ingrown nails, fungal infections, and some other conditions may result in damage to the skin in and around them and need dermatologic care.
- Warts: Warts are benign skin growth and are contagious in nature. When the top layer of the skin is infected by a virus, a wart forms. A dermatologist may choose from a variety of treatment options to get rid of persistent warts, which may also involve surgery.
- Vitiligo: The skin contains a pigment called melanin. Vitiligo is a condition that is caused by a deficiency of melanin in the body. This results in some patches of skin to appear lighter on the body.
- Rosacea: This is a condition that is characterized by redness of the face, visible blood vessels, swelling of the eyelids and may sometimes also have pus-filled bumps on the face. These symptoms usually appear on the nose and cheeks but may also spread to the chin, ears, forehead, chest and back.
- Psoriasis: This is a chronic autoimmune disorder that speeds up the process of growth of the skin cells. This condition results in patches of skin to appear thicker, red or purple, and scaly in texture.
- Shingles: This condition is also known as herpes zoster. It is characterized by the formation of a rash that may or may not be painful in nature. It usually subsides in about two weeks, even without treatment; however, seeking medical help may eliminate the possibility of any reactions and other skin complications.
- Skin cancer: Skin cancer is the most serious condition affecting the skin and usually involves surgery in its treatment plan. There are different types of skin cancers – carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma, etc.
These are some of the most common problems that affect the skin, hair, and nails that need special dermatologic care.
Procedures that dermatologists are skilled to perform
Dermatologists are skilled in using a range of medical and cosmetic procedures to solve issues affecting the skin, hair, and nails. Medication and noninvasive therapies are useful in treating many such conditions. However, some conditions may need a more invasive approach and may require you to visit a hospital or an outpatient clinic.
Some of these procedures are:
- Cosmetic injections: Reduced facial fullness, scarring, wrinkles and some other similar forms of skin problems can easily be addressed by cosmetic injections. A dermatologist will typically inject Botox, fat, or collagen fillers to address these issues.
The results of an injection tend to last only for a few months, and maintaining them requires regular injections. In some cases, the body tends to develop antibodies against Botox and renders it ineffective.
- Dermabrasion: This procedure helps reduce scarring, removing tattoos, fine wrinkles, and potential areas of the skin that are precancerous. This procedure involves removing the top layer of the skin by using a high-speed rotating brush.
- Cryotherapy: This is an extremely quick treatment to address a lot of benign issues of the skin, such as warts. This procedure involves the freezing of skin lesions in order to destroy the affected cells. This is usually done by using liquid nitrogen.
- Hair removal or restoration: A dermatologist can solve the issues of hair loss, which typically includes a transplantation procedure. They can also remove excessive hair by using lasers.
- Laser surgery: A dermatologist may perform laser surgery to address a number of issues affecting the skin, hair, and nails. Some of these problems are – tumors, warts, moles, unwanted tattoos, scars, birthmarks, wrinkles, etc.
- Liposuction: Dermatologists use lasers to burst fat cells. This is a typical cosmetic procedure for body contouring. This is a procedure to remove fat from the body and involves injecting large volumes of local anesthesia into the fatty tissue and consequently sucking it out from the body.
These are only some of the procedures performed by dermatologists to address the major and minor issues affecting the nails, hair, and skin. If you notice any problems with these areas of your body, you should seek a consultation with a dermatologist without any delay. To find one near you, visit MFine and access a large database of dermatologists in your neighborhood.
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